The German dual system of interest representation is set on two pillars. One comprises industry-wide regional collective agreements between trade unions and employer associations. The second consists of works councils, legally-based bodies representing the employees of an establishment. Legally the two institutions are independent but in practice there are manifold interdependencies.
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Dr Frank Bauer , Dr Jenny Bennett , Dr Kathrin Englert , Dr Zein Kasrin , Dr. Peter Kupka , Miriam Raab , Dr Philipp Ramos Lobato , Dr Maximilian Schiele, PhD , Dr Claudia Wenzig , Dr Cordula Zabel
Long-term unemployment remains a significant challenge for the German labour market. The IAB evaluated two programmes that had been introduced in response. The instruments aim at giving long-term ...read more
22. November 2024 | International and Regional Labour Markets
ELMI Policy Panel: Are labour shortages a problem everywhere?
The 2024 European Association of Labour Economists (EALE) conference gathered leading experts to discuss the latest findings from labour market research. Professor Bernd Fitzenberger organized and ...read more
23. October 2024 | International and Regional Labour Markets
Italian citizens’ income: Why the reform cannot be successful in activating people
The Italian government decided on major expenditure saving for the Italian citizens’ income called “Reditto di Cittadinanza” in August 2023. In order to finance promised tax cuts, the payments ...read more